As a kind of aircraft with wide application prospect, UAV's power system and power supply scheme are very important. This article will focus on the composition and working principle of UAV power system, as well as different power supply schemes to help readers have a deeper understanding of UAV power management and power supply technology.

1. Composition of power system

the power system of a UAV usually consists of the following components:

• battery: as the main source of energy for unmanned aerial vehicles, the battery type is generally lithium battery, including lithium polymer battery and lithium ion battery.
• Power management system (BMS): it is used to monitor and manage the charging and discharging process of the battery to ensure the safety and stability of the battery.
• Motor: As the power source of UAV, the motor is usually brushless motor, which is converted into mechanical energy by electric energy.
• Electronic speed controller (ESC): control the rotating speed and thrust of the motor to ensure the stable flight of the UAV.

2. Power supply scheme

different types of unmannedThe machine may adopt different power supply schemes, mainly including the following:

• built-in battery power supply: The battery is built inside the fuselage and connected to the power management system and the motor through the connecting line, which is simple and convenient and suitable for small unmanned aerial vehicles.
• Replaceable battery power supply: The battery can be detachable, and the battery can be replaced in flight to prolong the flight time of the UAV, which is suitable for long-time unmanned aerial vehicles.
• Solar power supply: use solar photovoltaic panels to absorb solar energy and convert it into electric energy to supply power for unmanned aerial vehicles, which is suitable for unmanned aerial vehicles flying in outdoor environment for a long time.
• Generator power supply: electric energy is generated by built-in or external generators to provide stable power for unmanned aerial vehicles, which is suitable for unmanned aerial vehicles that require long flight and high power output.

3. Power management and optimization

the management and optimization of UAV power system are crucial to ensure flight safety and prolong flight time. Common Power management policies include:

• intelligent charge and discharge management: monitor the status of the battery in real time through BMS, reasonably control the charging and discharging rate, and prolong the battery life.
• Energy recovery technology: recover the energy generated during flight through technologies such as dynamic braking and wind energy utilization.High energy utilization rate.
• Motor power optimization: optimize motor power output according to flight mission reguirement, reduce energy consumption and prolong flight time.

4. Security

safety is one of the key considerations when designing and selecting UAV power system and power supply schemes. Ensure the safety of the battery, control the temperature and voltage during charging and discharging, avoid overcharging and overdischarging and other problems, and ensure that accidents will not occur due to power supply problems during flight.

The power system of UAV and power supply scheme have an important influence on flight performance and flight time. Through the introduction of this article, readers can have a deeper understanding of the power system composition of unmanned aerial vehicles, different power supply schemes, and power management and optimization strategies.