Lithium-Ion iron phosphate battery (LiFePO4 battery) is widely used in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, portable electronic devices and other fields due to its advantages of high safety performance, long cycle life, environmental protection and no pollution. In order to standardize the production and testing of such batteries and ensure the product quality and safe use, PNST 214-2017 "technical requirements and test methods for lithium ion iron phosphate batteries" standard came into being. This article will focus on the core content of PNST 214-2017, introduce its technical requirements and test methods in detail, and help relevant enterprises and technicians to deeply understand and apply this standard.

I. Overview of standards

PNST 214-2017 standard is mainly aimed at the design, manufacture, performance indicators and detection methods of lithium ion iron phosphate batteries. The standard is applicable to lithium ion iron phosphate battery products with rated voltage within a certain range for power and energy storage, covering battery cells and battery packs. Through clear technical requirements and system test methods, the standard aims to ensure the safety, stability and reliability of battery products.

II. Technical requirements for lithium ion iron phosphate batteries

1. Battery structure and material requirements

PNST 214-2017 puts forward strict requirements on the material selection and structural design of the battery. The cathode material of the battery must be lithium iron phosphate meeting the quality standard, and graphite is usually used for the anode. The electrolyte uses high purity lithium salt and organic solvent to ensure stable battery performance. Battery shell material must have good mechanical strengthDegree and corrosion resistance to protect the internal structure from external environment.

2. Electrical performance indicators

the standard clearly stipulates the key performance indexes such as rated capacity, rated voltage, internal resistance range and energy efficiency of lithium ion iron phosphate battery. For example, the nominal voltage of the battery is generally 3.2V, and the capacity needs to meet the design requirements and ensure a certain capacity retention rate. The internal resistance should be controlled within a reasonable range to ensure the charging and discharging efficiency and power output of the battery.

3. Safety Performance requirements

safety is an important feature of lithium ion iron phosphate battery. PNST 214-2017 requires that the battery must have overcharge and overdischarge protection to prevent battery damage or safety accidents caused by abnormal voltage. At the same time, the battery should have the function of temperature protection to prevent thermal runaway caused by high temperature. The structural design should effectively prevent short circuit and mechanical damage.

4. Life and reliability indicators

the standard sets clear requirements for the cycle life and storage performance of the battery. Lithium-Ion iron phosphate battery should ensure that the capacity attenuation within the specified cycle times does not exceed a certain proportion, reflecting excellent durability. In addition, the battery should have good self-discharge performance and long-term storage stability to ensure that its performance is not greatly affected before and after use.

PNST 214-2017 to verify whether the lithium ion iron phosphate battery meets the technical requirements, a systematic test method has been formulated, including electrical performance test, safety performance test and environmental adaptability test.

1. Electrical performance test

• capacity Test: measure the actual capacity of the battery through standard charging and discharging procedures to verify whether the designed nominal value is reached. The test process should be carried out under the specified temperature and current conditions to ensure the accuracy of the data.
• Internal resistance test: the internal resistance of the battery is measured by AC impedance method or DC voltage method to evaluate the conductivity and health status of the battery.
• Charge-discharge efficiency test: calculate the energy efficiency of the battery through the standard charge and discharge cycle to reflect the energy loss of the battery.
• Cycle Life Test: perform multiple charge and discharge cycles on the battery, monitor the capacity attenuation, and evaluate the service life of the battery.

2. Security performance test

• overcharge test: simulate the performance of the battery in abnormal charging state and detect whether there are potential safety hazards such as gas release, bulging, leakage and even explosion.
• over-release test: test the safety performance of the battery under the condition of over-discharge to prevent the internal structure from being damaged due to low voltage.
• Short circuit test: includes external short circuit and internal short circuit tests to evaluate the safety and stability of the battery in the short circuit state.
• Vibration and shock test: simulate mechanical shock and vibration during transportation and use, and detect the stability of battery structure and performance.
• Acupuncture test: simulate internal short circuit through acupuncture to detect the safety reaction of the battery to prevent accidents.

3. Environmental adaptability test

• high and low temperature performance test: Test the charging and discharging capability and safety of the battery under extreme temperature conditions to ensure that the battery can adapt to various environments.
• Damp heat test: simulate high humidity environment and test the corrosion resistance and electrical insulation performance of the battery.
• Salt Spray Test: Evaluate the corrosion resistance of battery shell and interface in salt spray environment to ensure long-term use safety.

IV. Identification and document requirements

PNST 214-2017 identification and technical papers on battery productsThere are also clear provisions. The battery shall be marked with manufacturer information, model, production date, rated parameters and safety warning signs. Technical documents shall include production process, quality control measures and test reports to ensure product traceability and quality controllability.

V. Significance of standard implementation

PNST 214-2017 standard has promoted the standardized production of the industry and ensured the technical and test requirements of lithium-ion iron phosphate batteries. Battery Products security and stable performance. The implementation of standards helps to improve product quality, reduce the risk of safety accidents and enhance user confidence. In addition, unified technical specifications also promote the technical exchange and promotion among manufacturing enterprises, which is conducive to the healthy development of the industry.

PNST 214-2017 "technical requirements and test methods for lithium-ion iron phosphate batteries" standard systematically regulates the whole process of design, manufacture and testing of lithium-ion iron phosphate batteries. Through strict technical indexes and scientific test methods, the battery products have good safety, stability and durability.