"The gap of long-term energy storage is large, and the development prospect of liquid flow battery is optimistic, but the initial investment cost is still high." "It is expected that this year new energy storage the installed capacity will exceed the pumping and storage "" The distribution system should pursue the layered partition balance of new energy and load as much as possible "......

At the recent "2024 carbon neutral energy summit forum and the 4th China International Conference on new energy storage technologies and engineering applications and the forum for young scientists on new energy storage technologies", academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences, zhao Tianshou, president of Carbon Neutral Energy Research Institute of Southern University of Science and Technology, Rao Hong, academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering, chief scientist of China Southern Power Grid Corporation, academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering, Wang Chengshan, director of national energy storage production and education integration innovation platform of Tianjin University, chen zhongweifa, academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences, director of carbon neutralization technology research institute of Shenzhen Advanced Technology Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, academician of Canadian Royal Academy of Sciences and academician of Canadian Academy of Engineering, gave a keynote speech to discuss the development trend of new energy storage.

(Source: WeChat public account "ITU new media" author: Zhao Ziyuan)

zhao Tianshou, academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Dean of Carbon Neutral Energy Research Institute of Southern University of Science and Technology

the construction of new power system requires high safety and different energy storage technologies, among which there is a big gap in long-term energy storage technologies. On the generation side, with & ldquo; The proportion of scenery "increases. In order to avoid power supply interruption, the ideal energy storage duration should cover the intermittent period of scenery for more than 10 hours; On the power grid side, the energy storage technology with the duration exceeding the low Valley period is required to cut the peak and fill the valley, improve the utilization rate and transmission capacity of the power grid; On the user side, the electricity price at the low price of industry and commerce is longer than 6 hours, and the electricity price at the peak period is also longer than 6 hours. Industrial and commercial users need energy storage technology of more than 6 hours, reduce the cost of electricity consumption.

In the long-term energy storage technology, liquid flow battery is one of the long-term energy storage technologies with wide application scenarios and broad development potential, with flexible duration, intrinsic safety, long cycle life and high recovery residual value. However, at present, the initial investment cost of flow battery is relatively high, and the initial investment cost is still higher than 2 yuan/watt hour, which has become the main challenge for commercial application of this technology. Among them, the stack and electrolyte account for more than 80% of the total vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system cost. Improving the battery current density and electrolyte utilization rate are the key to reduce the system cost and promote its industrialization.

Academician of Rao Hong Chinese Academy of Engineering and chief scientist of China Southern Power Grid Corporation

two major features of new energy storage are emerging: the installed capacity of 2-4 hours projects accounts for, and the capacity of centralized energy storage on the grid side increases rapidly. The new energy storage is about to usher in a landmark milestone. It is expected that the installed capacity of the new energy storage will exceed the pumping capacity this year. Currently, the pumped storage capacity is 50GW.

The new type of energy storage has formed a de facto large-scale development. With the continuous increase of new energy installed capacity, the scale will be plus-sized rapidly. The new type of energy storage is rapidly undertaking the role of power system regulation, and the functional positioning of regulatory resources is clearer; shared Energy storage is an important way to give full play to the regulation capability of the new energy storage optimization system. The Grid side is equipped with centralized and large-capacity shared energy storage, which can undertake new functions such as improving the operation level of the system by standby heat; long-term energy storage is a problem that must be solved, and a reasonable path of technology and economy can be explored. Grid-type energy storage is an important development direction; It is necessary to choose the technical route according to local conditions and allocate resources.On the nodes required by the system, unified planning and construction will form a new energy storage adjustment support system suitable for the grid-connected scale of new energy sources, and build the physical foundation of the new power system.

Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering Wang Chengshan, director of national energy storage production and education integration innovation platform of Tianjin University

in recent years, the explosive growth of distributed photovoltaic in our country has led to the serious reverse overload of distribution network lines and transformers, and the problem of voltage exceeding the limit is prominent. It is urgent to absorb more space and connect more to the "red zone" frequently to slow down the development speed. At the same time, on the one hand, the number of electric vehicles in our country is growing rapidly. On the other hand, people's demand for fast charging of electric vehicles is more urgent. High-power short-term charging poses a major challenge to the operation of the distribution network. All these reflect that the power distribution system has insufficient bearing capacity for new energy, new formats and new loads, and the level of power supply capacity needs to be greatly improved through technological innovation.

Hierarchical partition balance, in short, is interval mutual supply and inter-layer coordination, which does not spread the balance problem to a higher level and a larger range. The application of new energy storage should not only focus on the macro level of auxiliary services and capacity, but also penetrate into the tiny links of the distribution system. The distribution system should pursue the layered and partitioned balance of new energy and load as much as possible, it is closely combined with the surrounding needs and is ubiquitous, especially the application of new energy storage in microgrid, which will be full of imagination.

Cheng Huiming academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences and director of carbon neutralization technology research institute of Shenzhen Advanced Technology Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences

there are many choices of energy storage technology routes, and electrochemical energy storage is on the rise. However, it also brings some challenges, including security issues, resource and environment issues, etc. Facing these challengesThe former academic and business circles have made a series of explorations, such as solid-state batteries, water batteries, liquid flow batteries, etc. Our country has a vast territory, with a large temperature difference from south to north and from winter to summer. Whether our energy storage system can adapt to this high and low temperature environment is very important.

The development of wide temperature range batteries, especially low temperature batteries, is increasingly urgent. On the issue of resources, although the price of lithium carbonate dropped below 100000 per ton, considering the vigorous development of energy storage in the future, we still face resource problems. We need to consider the recycling and reuse of batteries, it is also necessary to develop resource-rich battery types, including sodium ions, zinc, calcium, aluminum and other resource-rich metal batteries, as well as organic batteries.

Chen Zhongwei, academician of the Royal Canadian Academy of Sciences and Canadian Academy of Engineering

in view of the challenges faced by lithium ion batteries, the working temperature zone needs to be broadened, the safety needs to be improved, and the energy density needs to be improved. In the aspect of technical bottleneck of low-temperature battery, lithium ion transmission is limited at low temperature, and desolvation is difficult at low temperature. Electrolyte and electrode interface are the decisive factors that affect the low-temperature performance of battery.

For the future trend, energy storage must be promising. In the future, the development of electrochemical energy must be multi-disciplinary, cross-scale, diversified, combined with artificial intelligence, from the material end to the battery end, and battery management, artificial intelligence is very critical. Combined with artificial intelligence and other new technologies, the whole chain of "material-electrode-device" is improved, systematic research is carried out to reduce costs and increase efficiency, and energy density and safety are improved.