New battery it refers to battery products that adopt new materials, new structures or new working principles to improve battery performance, reduce costs, prolong service life or meet specific application requirements. They are usually used in portable electronic devices, new energy vehicles, energy storage systems and other fields. New batteries can be divided into lithium batteries, zinc-silver batteries, solar cells, fuel cells, etc. according to material classification; According to Structure classification, they can be divided into solid-state batteries, semi-solid-state batteries, liquid flow batteries, etc.

The development of China's new battery industry has gone through three stages. From 1990 to 2000, Sony Corporation of Japan released the first commercial lithium battery in human history in 1991, marking the beginning of commercial application of lithium battery technology. China then began to introduce lithium battery-related technologies. At this stage, China is mainly in the stage of technological learning and preliminary exploration. Lithium battery technology is mainly used in portable electronic products, such as MP3 and mobile phones.

During the development period from 2000 to 2015, with the popularization of consumer electronics and the improvement of lithium battery production technology, China's lithium battery industry has entered a period of rapid development. At this stage, China has gradually formed a relatively complete lithium battery industry chain, including raw material supply, battery manufacturing, application promotion and other links. At the same time, the state began to introduce relevant policies to support the development of lithium battery industry and promote technological progress and industrial upgrading.

In the outbreak period from 2015 to now, with the rapid development of the new energy vehicle market, power lithium batteries have become the main driving force for the growth of lithium battery industry. The explosive growth of the new energy vehicle market has driven a sharp increase in the demand for power lithium batteries. At this stage, a number of lithium battery head enterprises with international competitiveness and leading position emerged in China, such as Ningde era and BYD. These enterprises have made remarkable achievements in technology research and development and market expansion.

the upstream market participants in the industrial chain of the new battery industry are raw material suppliers, mainly providing materials such as positive electrode materials, negative electrode materials, electrolyte, conductive agent, diaphragm, PVC film, wiring harness, etc. The midstream industry chain mainly involves manufacturers of new batteries. Downstream application markets include new energy vehicles, electric two-wheeler, electric ships, unmanned aerial vehicles, etc. Among them, the new energy vehicle market has a huge demand for power lithium batteries. In addition, the energy storage market, especially the user side peak cutting and valley filling, off-grid power stations, micro-grid and so on, is also an important application field.

Cathode material is a key component used to store and release energy in new batteries. Its performance directly affects the energy density, cycle life, safety and cost of new batteries. At present, mainstream cathode materials include lithium iron phosphate (LFP), ternary material (NCM), lithium cobalt oxide (LCO), lithium manganese oxide (LMO), lithium nickel cobalt aluminate (NCA), etc. At present, China has become one of the major manufacturing countries in the global lithium battery cathode material industry, the largest producer and user of lithium iron phosphate and ternary cathode materials, and the world's largest exporter of lithium cobalt oxide and lithium manganese oxide materials. In recent years, with the rapid development of new energy vehicles and energy storage systems, the demand for cathode materials continues to grow. In 2023, the total output of cathode materials in China reached about 2.48 million tons, up 23% year on year. From the perspective of market segmentation, compared with traditional liquid lithium ion batteries, the cathode material of solid-state batteries has little change, and the material system can continue to be used. The key is to innovate in the direction of high specific energy and high energy density. However, lithium-rich manganese base is widely regarded as an ideal cathode material for all-solid-state batteries, which has inherent advantages in high voltage and high discharge specific capacity. This indicates that the development of solid-state battery cathode materials will have new growth points.

The main raw materials of negative electrode materials include graphite, silicon materials, metal composite materials, etc. Among them, graphite material occupies a leading position in the market due to its good conductivity and stability. However, silicon materials have attracted much attention due to their high specific energy, high conductivity and excellent cycle performance. In 2023, China's shipments of cathode materials were 1.65 million tons, up year-on-year. This is mainly due to the rapid growth of the new energy vehicle market and the continuous expansion of lithium battery technology in emerging fields such as electric trucks, electric forklift, electric ships, etc.

As an important part of new energy industry, new battery industry has developed rapidly in recent years. With the increasing global demand for renewable energy and clean energy, as well as the continuous expansion of electric vehicles, energy storage systems, portable electronic devices and other markets, the new battery industry has ushered in unprecedented development opportunities. In 2023, the market size of China's new battery reached 370.7 billion yuan, up year on year.

Nowadays, lithium ion battery, as one of the most widely used new batteries, has made continuous progress in technology. The energy density, power density and safety of lithium ion batteries have been significantly improved by means of improving material system, optimizing structural design and improving manufacturing process. Meanwhile, solid-state battery is one of the research hotspots in the field of new batteries in recent years. Compared with traditional liquid batteries, solid-state batteries have higher energy density, longer cycle life and better safety. In June 2023, the solid-state lithium battery with energy density of 360 watt-hour per kilogram independently developed by China was officially delivered to the leading enterprises of electric vehicles, marking another important step in the road of a big country of electric vehicles in China. In addition, sodium ion battery is another new type of battery that has attracted much attention. Compared with lithium ion batteries, sodium ion batteries have the advantages of abundant resources and low cost. With the continuous progress of technology and the gradual improvement of industrial chain, sodium ion battery is expected to become an important supplement to lithium ion battery in the future.

The new energy vehicle market continues to expand worldwide, especially in emerging markets such as China, the production and sales volume and penetration rate of new energy vehicles have maintained rapid growth. According to the data of China Automobile Association, from January to May, 2024, the output of China's new energy vehicles was 3.93 million, up 30.7 percent year-on-year; The sales volume of new energy vehicles was 3.9 million, up 32.5 percent year-on-year. With the continuous expansion of the new energy vehicle market and the improvement of consumers' requirements for endurance mileage, higher requirements are put forward for the energy density of new batteries. New batteries need to continuously improve the energy density to meet the needs of long-life models. Meanwhile, charging convenience has become one of the focuses of consumers. Therefore, new batteries need to support more efficient charging technologies, such as fast charging technology, to shorten the charging time and relieve users' charging anxiety. In addition, the safety of power batteries is directly related to the reliability of new energy vehicles and consumers'Personal safety. Therefore, new batteries need to pay more attention to safety design to ensure stable operation under various working conditions. In addition, with the intensification of competition in the new energy vehicle market and the promotion of large-scale production, higher requirements are put forward for the cost control of new batteries. New batteries need to continuously reduce production costs and improve market competitiveness on the premise of ensuring performance.

With the rapid development of science and technology, as an important part of China's energy field, the new battery industry is facing unprecedented development opportunities and challenges. Looking forward to the future, China's new battery industry will present a series of distinct development trends.

First of all, technological innovation will become the core driving force to promote the development of the new battery industry. With the continuous expansion of downstream application markets such as new energy vehicles, energy storage systems and intelligent terminals, higher requirements are put forward for the energy density, safety and charging efficiency of batteries. Therefore, the new battery industry will plus-sized research and development investment in battery materials, structural design, intelligent manufacturing and other aspects, and constantly explore new materials, new processes, and new technologies to break through the existing technical bottlenecks and improve battery performance, meet the market demand.

Secondly, green and low carbon will become an important development direction of the new battery industry. Under the background of global climate change and energy transformation, green and low carbon have become the consensus of the development of all countries. China's new battery industry will actively respond to the National Carbon Peak and carbon neutralization goals, promote energy conservation and emission reduction in the battery production process, strengthen the recycling of waste batteries, and build a green recycling industry chain. At the same time, we will actively develop and promote new low-carbon and environmentally friendly battery products, such as sodium ion batteries and solid-state batteries, to contribute to the realization of energy transformation and sustainable development.

Third, market diversification will become an important feature of the new battery industry. With the rapid growth of new energy vehicle market and the rise of energy storage market, the application field of new batteries will be more extensive. China's new battery industry will actively expand domestic and foreign markets, strengthen cooperation with upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial chain, and promote new batteries in electric vehicles and energy storage systems., consumer electronics, aerospace and other applications. At the same time, we will focus on brand building and market segmentation to enhance product competitiveness and market share.

Fourth, International layout will become an important strategic choice for the new battery industry. Under the background of global economic integration, China's new battery industry will accelerate the process of internationalization, expand overseas markets and enhance international competitiveness through overseas factory construction, mergers and acquisitions, etc. At the same time, we will actively participate in the formulation of international standards and rules to promote China's new battery technology and products to the world stage.